The science behind the iPhone 4's antennas
The iPhone 4's outer ring of antennas has been earning some grief lately as some owners have found that reception can change even based on where your hand is placed. Even Steve has weighed in on this issue via his itchy email finger.Spencer Webb of AntennaSys (an "antenna design" firm) knows the science, though, and he's shared a little outsider wisdom on how the iPhone's metal actually works.
Webb starts by talking about the design of cell phone antennas in general. He says that most antenna placement these days is based on FCC rules about how much energy a device can send into a user's head; that's the reason most antennas are at the bottom of phones nowadays. Unfortunately, our hands are usually on the bottom of the phone, and the FCC doesn't test energy absorption through the hands, only through the head. What's the ideal way of holding your phone? You should hold it by the top, as if it were hanging in midair.
Where does the iPhone 4 fit in all of this? Webb says the antennas in the new iPhone are on the sides of the phone, which means that, yes, there's potential for your hands to block energy. But there's always the potential for that, and Webb says that if you put your phone somewhere away from you and use a Bluetooth headset, none of it really matters anyway.
What's the final verdict? Webb himself preordered an iPhone 4 to replace his original iPhone. Sure, the antennas might not be perfect, but given the quality of the phone (not to mention the experience), "good enough, is good enough."
Share
Categories
The iPhone 4's outer ring of antennas has been earning some grief lately as some owners have found that reception can change even based on...
Add a Comment
Unrelated, but perhaps worthy of a TUAW investigation.
Has anyone with a 3G (like me) or a 3GS noted any improvements in drop outs with iOS4?
Specifically there are two spots where I drive to work; one usually (>80%) drops a call, and a spot on the Mass Pike westbound approaching 495 has ALWAYS dropped an AT&T call, be it on iPhone, BB, Ericsson, and Samsung phones.
I was making calls the day after updating to iOS4, and it wasn't until later I realized - with requisite "coulda had a V8" smack to head - that neither call dropped out. I specifically checked over the next few days, and wow, no dropouts.
So either AT&T updated their systems a bit, or iOS4 also tweaks the antenna settings on older phones.
I have a 3G (with iOS4) and have been able to replicate the same issue the iPhone 4 is having by holding the phone by its lower half in my palm. Within seconds, I'll "lose" 1-2 bars. Remove my hand from the lower half and within seconds the bars "return".
I'm no antenna engineer, but if it's happening to both the 3G and the 4 running iOS4, it sounds like it could be fixed with software.... Or it's not that big of a deal because it took me 2 years and tons of bad press toward the 4 for me to figure it out....
The crux of the problem is that humans are bags of salt water and we hold phones by their sides ..
Sooo, any seams that need to be there that must not be bridged by human hands, need to go at the TOP and the BOTTOM of the phone (if anything at the bottom is in the way, then it needs to be moved)
Pretty simple.
This is worth reading:
http://www.antennasys.com/antennasys-blog/2010/6/24/apple-iphone-4-antennas.html
has anyone proven that they are dropping calls or decreased network activity because of the apparent signal loss?
June 25 2010 at 2:48 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down Replythis is a huge design flaw, rule #1 of RF engineering, dont block the antenna, well, buliding the antenna as a bezel of the phone is insane. plus how about of several years worth of rf energy now directly pulsing into your hands, you can feel the tingling and little RF shocks with sweaty hands, surprised others aren't noticing that.
June 25 2010 at 2:37 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyThis guy doesn't seem to realize the extent of the problem. It can be caused with the simple touch of a finger. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gb3aQ5XoQw
June 25 2010 at 2:18 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyI bet if your hands are a tiny bit sweaty or your skin resistance is low the antenna's work less well than intended. This is because you then cause a "short" between the 2 which might cause loss of signal.
So... Wash your hands, make sure they're dry or use one of those Apple bumpers...
I realize it's an issue, but find it hard not to see how Apple haters are piling on this. The agendas are showing.
If I were Apple, I'd offer a free case/skin. Or if there's an OS update that will address that, just let people know.
As for the haters out there, would you really care if it were a Toyota problem and you drove a Honda? If it were a Dell problem and you owned an HP?
It's a 1.0 redesigned product. Stuff happens.
I've tried and tried. I've looked at every video I can, and you know what I just can't replicate this problem on neither my phone or the other line on my plan. I've let other people try, and they can't do it either. And in all of the videos that are out there, none have an actual natural hand position. If you cover the spot with your palm, your fingers are digging into your face. Who holds their phone that way? So no, it definitely doesn't seem like that big of a deal.
June 25 2010 at 1:02 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyI've been able to reproduce, but have also noted that the phone still maintains calls as good as if not better than my 3G which is the ultimate goal in the first place. The issue seems to be related to the bridging of the two different antennas at the lower left corner of the phone and it gets worse the more moist your palm is. The more moist it is the more conductive your skin is and therefore a stronger bridge between the antennas. I tried placing a piece of tape along the left and bottom edge of the phone and this made the signal degradation go away. I don't plan to keep the tape there. The phone seems to be fine as is. If however, I find that I am dropping calls because of this, I'll put some of the clear protective covers along the edge of the phone; I like my phones naked. Despite this issue, I'd recommend this phone over any other just based on overall quality and function. Unless someone can scientifically demonstrate that the iPhone 4 is any worse than the 3GS, 3G, or any other phone in this area, I'm labeling this as a non-issue for now.
June 25 2010 at 11:40 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyHot Apps on TUAW
Deals of the Day
more deals- JVC Motion Sensing Clock Radio with Dual iPod Docks for $55 + free shipping
- Apple iPhone Headset with Mic for $4 + $2 s&h
- miFrame Picture Frame Dock for iPad for $64 + $8 s&h
- Refurb Apple iPod nano 8GB MP3 Player for $99 + free shipping, 16GB for $119
- Hannspree Apple-Shaped 28" 1080p LCD HDTV for $270 + free shipping
- Philips wOOx Alarm Clock Radio for Apple iPod / iPhone for $60 + free shipping
Software Updates
more updates- EFI Firmware Update brings Lion Internet Recovery to 2010-model Macs
- OS X Lion 10.7.3 released with Safari 5.1.3, Wi-Fi bug fix
- Aperture updated to 3.2.2, addresses Photo Stream issue
- Apple updates Keynote to address Lion issues
- Google Search app gets new look on iPad
- Apple releases Apple TV Software Update 4.4.3



55 Comments