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Higher Ed choosing sides on iPad use

Timothy M. Chester, the CIO of Pepperdine University, discussed the ongoing controversy of how higher education has and should deal with the encroachment of the iPad on campuses throughout the country. Using information gleaned from the Educause CIO listserv, he found two camps being formed, and a bit of misinformation.

The first camp's motto seems to take the position that if there is a new, potentially useful technology, it should be welcomed immediately. Seton Hill University announced that it will give an iPad to every full-time student in this fall, while George Fox University, a school that has been giving out computers to all incoming students for twenty years, is giving students a choice of either being handed an iPad or a Macbook.

Their position is that they aren't willing to say which is the better choice, and many students already come to school with a laptop. To a large extent this is a marketing gimmick. When was the last time you heard of Seton Hill or George Fox University? But on the other hand, I know from experience that IT departments function more cheaply, and most often more effectively if their mission is to not support every digital device in the known universe. Tech support staff that only need to support a small number of platforms need less training, and parts inventories can be drastically reduced. However, Chester writes that putting an iPad into every student's hands would cost Pepperdine around US$800,000 which he posited would be much better spent on hiring new faculty.


The second camp of schools want nothing to do with iPads and are banning their use since they cannot be handled on many existing systems without costly upgrades. This is not entirely true, at least not for the schools that got a lot of press over potential bans. Last month we wrote about Princeton and George Washington Universitity's iPad bans, that weren't bans at all. At Princeton, the system couldn't handle the way that iPads allow DHCP leases to expire and then go on using the same IP address. Students were told to keep iPads off the system, at least until April 19th when they posted a workaround to buy them some time.

George Washington University seemed more like a ban, since no iPads would work on their system due to failure to pass the GW security standards. Sounds like a ban to me, but they are quick to point out that they are working with Apple and expect to have iPads functional, to some extent, this summer with full functionality expected by Spring 2011. To me, it seems that as long as the problem is being worked on and expected completion schedules are announced, it's more of a great inconvenience than a total ban.

However, Chester writes about lines being drawn with some schools wanting nothing to do with the iPad since accepting them would bring "...unwelcome disruption introducing new operational and security risks." Along with the cost of upgrading or revision their networks, supporting the new platform requires training and personnel, putting cash strapped schools under even more financial pressure. On the other hand (and I think we're up to our third or fourth hand), it makes little sense to just categorically ignore a new technology. Although doing so will make it easier for the IT department, it just doesn't make sense to the average student that their school can't give them what they can already get a McDonalds or Starbucks. The point is made that not implementing causes a rift between students and IT, and students will always find some workaround, usually to the detriment of the IT department's capability and planning models. This causes frustration on both sides of the fence and everyone loses.

Chester proposes doing what they are doing at Pepperdine which is to use an adopt, adapt and experiment model, manually registering iPads when needed and having each department test out the new technology and report back with their findings. In one case, two sections of the same class will be run with one using iPads and one using the usual variety of computers, to discover which class meets the course objectives better. I consider this a red-herring since there have been published studies done since 1928 showing that there is no significant difference in student outcome between differing modes of education delivery. If students are motivated to learn, they will learn. Although most of these studies are concerned with comparing modes of course delivery (correspondence courses vs. classroom, vs. online), I think there is a strong overlap and I feel that the research, which will be published in the near future, will find that it really makes no difference whether you are using a computer or an iPad with the exception of writing papers, where computers will win hands down. I know that it's still early, but I can't imagine writing my dissertation on an iPad, even with a bluetooth keyboard. However having all your textbooks in iBooks, which I found to have very good mark-up tools, is going to be a major draw.

Where do you fall on this issue? Remember that any position you take has huge financial implications.

[via Campus Technology]

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Timothy M. Chester, the CIO of Pepperdine University, discussed the ongoing controversy of how higher education has and should deal with...
 

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Lauram

I've been reading a lot recently about the cognitive effects of multitasking, and the evidence is pretty persuasive that it severely impacts learning. So while it's not realistic right now to talk of schools implementing iPad-only classrooms, it would actually make sense.

You want students to be able to take electronic notes, but we all know that, with laptops, most of them are probably checking email, messaging friends and looking at the web at the same time. People think they can learn just as well while doing this sort of thing, but they have been proven wrong about that again and again. You learn better when you concentrate on just one thing.

I keep telling people that the lack of multitasking on the iPad is a feature not a bug, but maybe we're not ready to hear this yet. Sure, in many situations multitasking is essential, but we should always be aware that we're cognitively crippled when we do it.

May 08 2010 at 7:38 AM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Dtflick

One of the largest benefits I see Is the reduction of paper and the eventual move to a paperless model. The amount of paper that my school goes through, including toner, staples, upkeep for machines, etc, must be astronomical. I've never seen the number, but I can't imagine that the half dozen pallets of paper that wego through a week is cheap. And I can speak from experience, as can many others, when it comesto the cost of toner. Remove those costs snd suddenly you've significantly offset the cost of the iPad.

The iPad (or iPod touch, iPhone, etc) has so much functionality as to lesson time spent on required tasks (like attendance, homework checking, passing out notes and assignments, etc) and allows for more time spent on instruction.

I don't see it so much as a matter of how or how much as a matter of when. It is truly a matter of time before either the iPad or some other piece of technology is implemented in the schools to do away with the antiquated method of pen to paper that wehave relied on for so long.

As far as teachers being burdened with impementing these new technologies and having to revamp their curriculum, I say tough. Education models and methods are constantly changing and the curriculum has to be modified as well. The days of the teacher that has milk crates full of overhead projector scrolls and recites the same material year after year are over. The profession of education is a dynamic one, with no room for static teachers. Move ahead, or move out of the way.

May 07 2010 at 10:08 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
williamsipad

I highly doubt the iPad be that big of a deal in universities
William, theamazingipad.com

May 07 2010 at 6:49 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Buzz

The standard answer to anything that sounds like a personally big number is to claim that money would be better used to __________________. Since the $800,000 reaches EVERY SINGLE STUDENT with a new form of book, how many profs would the same bucks obtain, and how many students would have every single class improved by that?

Maybe 8 new profs? More? Fewer?

BS is spewed even by academic intelligentsia, through the universal rule of "everybody has an agenda."

May 07 2010 at 5:26 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Charli

my niece is starting high school in the fall and I would love it if her text books were ebooks. cause I went to the same school and I remember lugging around a ton of books, which were not light, cause the lockers are not well placed.
it is a private school and they are fairly tech friendly so they would likely allow it (there's no wifi in the school so no reason to worry about kids on facebook etc during class) but the books aren't available and don't seem like they will be.

oh well

May 07 2010 at 1:48 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
TIm

Sorry, but I don't get the point of this article. Is there any University banning any technological device from their campuses? What I heard and read so far there is problems here and there to connect to wifi network, but that doesn't equate to that University "banning" the iPad, at most they don't care about it, possibly cann't do anything about it without Apple helping them out.

The iPad as a educational device in classrooms is a hole different story. I think it is useless, as I can't save much on textbooks (possibly even end up paying more, because I cannot sell my books again) and I cannot comfortably take notes with either the on screen typing nor with handwriting without a pen. So I really don't see the iPad in my classroom at least.

T.

May 07 2010 at 1:11 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
2 replies to TIm's comment
Dick Applebaum

As to the iPad being useless for education purposes-- it's only been announced for 4 months and available for 4 months... give it a chance.

Right now, there is no electronic distribution of textbooks for the iPad.

Let's play with some numbers to see how it could work (we'll use arbitrary numbers for ease of illustration):

Say there is a text you need for a course:

$100 cost to student
$50 resale to book store
---------------------------------
$50 net cost to student (not including the time value of tying up $50 for a semester)

$100 Retail price


Say this Book publisher sells 100 books a year and the dollars are distributed as follows:

$5,000 @ 100 x $50 Authoring and content creation
$1,000 @ 100 x $10 Prnting and distribution
$1,000 @ 100 x $10 G&A, Sales overhead
$1,000 @ 100 x $10 Net Profit
$1,500 @ 100 x $15 Discount to Bookstore *
------------------------------------------------------------

Say that 30% of the books are resold 1 time *
Say that 20% of the books are sold twice *

* Say that the book store cut covers its costs for selling and warehousing new and used books


So, in any given year (after 3 years), only 50% of the text books are New books sold by the publisher, the others are resales that compete with the publisher.


So, from the 3rd year on, the publisher sells 50 books a year and the dollars are distributed as follows:

$2,500 @ 50 x $50 Authoring and content creation
$500 @ 50 x $10 Prnting and distribution
$500 @ 50 x $10 G&A, Sales overhead
$500 @ 50 x $10 Net Profit
$750 @ 50 x $15 Discount to Bookstore
------------------------------------------------------------


Now, lets say the publisher decides to offer the book electronically, DRM, and time-limited.

First, he would, essentially, eliminate the printing and distribution costs.

Then he can go to each of the other cost centers and make them a deal they can't refuse!

For example he can go to the Author and say: We're only selling 50 new books a year & you are getting $2,500 annually. What if we could sell 100 new books a year, and you could make $3.500 annually, instead.

He would also go to the book store and tell them they can eliminate the costs of warehousing, managing distribution, buying & selling, and still pay the bookstore for being the electronic intermediary.


So, every year the publisher sells 100 new books a year and the dollars are distributed as follows:

$3,500 @ 100 x $35 Authoring and content creation
$0 @ 100 x $0 Prnting and distribution
$500 @ 100 x $5 G&A, Sales overhead
$600 @ 100 x $6 Net Profit
$400 @ 100 x $4 Discount to Bookstore
------------------------------------------------------------

If I've done this right, everybody wins.

1) The Author gets 40% more revenue per year
2) environmental costs are eliminated (Trees, Paper, Ink, Energy, Transportation)
3) The Publisher gets a 20% increase in profits
4) The Book Store has eliminated major costs and still gets income from the publisher -- $400 vs breakeven
5) The student can buy the book for $50 or less **, not incurring the cost of time/value of $50, or the hassle of buying & reselling used books.

** The book store could pass though a portion of its new income, say, $2 per book to the student.

Also, the student would always have the up-to-date text... no more "planned obsolescence" game needed.

Further, the states and/or institutions could eliminate the considerable costs of warehousing and distributing physical books... possibly reducing overhead, taxes and tuition.



Obviously, the numbers are for illustration and this is only a small slice of the infrastructure and costs.


The point is: If they get creative, the publishers and institutions can deliver a better solution and gain financially while doing so!


May 07 2010 at 5:59 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Dick Applebaum

Oh, I meant to add that there are several apps for the iPad that allow you to annotate text (even type, handwrite, draw on the same page)... these are not targeted towards textbooks, yet, as there are none on the iPad.

May 07 2010 at 6:03 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Ethan

Ever hear of tact? Slamming those two schools was very poor journalism. George Fox is the #1 private Christian university in the country. I don't care if it was Blah Blah Nowhere University, there's no need to disrespect them like that. Next time, take your personal bias out of the article before you post it. And no, I didn't attend George Fox -- but if I decide to get an MBA they'd be on my list -- not for the ipad but because of the quality of their program.

May 07 2010 at 1:03 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
2 replies to Ethan's comment
tdowling

It didn't sound like slamming to me...all he implied was that they're not well-known schools on a national level (it's true), and that they thought they'd be able to get a boost from a nice little marketing gimmick.

May 07 2010 at 1:37 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
JKT

There was no disrespect other than saying few had heard of the schools. And that's true.

May 07 2010 at 1:41 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
Steve W

George Fox, Pepperdine, and Seton Hill are all well known to people looking for a religious education. These schools are older than you are. I wonder how many of their alumni have ever heard of you?

May 07 2010 at 12:35 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
rothgar

I work at a private university and we sell iPads through our computer store. I really don't think iPads are going to be much of an issue seeing as we have only sold 5 and 4 of those were for departments/giveaways.
That and we have already put things into place to allow iPod touches onto our wifi with 24 hour provisioning. They have to re-connect each day to get access. The iPads will have to do the same thing.

May 07 2010 at 12:30 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
1 reply to rothgar's comment
Juaquin

Wow, really? I work at a (public) university computer store and we sold our whole initial shipment of both the Wifi and 3G models on release day and have been mostly backorder-only on most models since then. Probably close to 500 iPads out the door so far. Then again, our campus is probably much bigger.

May 07 2010 at 6:17 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
JKT

The problem at universities is the same as at large businesses--anyone who's been there a long time falls into the trap of seeing advances in technology as "newfangled annoyances" that disrupt all the work they've put into establishing their employers' infrastructure. (or, on an even darker note, the lazy employees aren't inclined to keep up with changes in the industry/real world.)

The solution is young blood and/or those with an open mind. They're the ones who realize change is inevitable and are willing to make the changes/upgrades to keep the university/business adapting. Of course, these are the folks in the trenches, not those with the big salaries making the decisions.

May 07 2010 at 11:58 AM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
1 reply to JKT's comment
The Secretary

And these people in the trenches eventually become the people that make the decisions and decide new technology is an annoyance... blah, blah, blah.... And the cycle repeats.

May 07 2010 at 5:02 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
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